Abstract
This search presents the development and application of an Expert System for operating Haditha dam, which is considered the second biggest dam in Iraq. Haditha dam is a multi – purpose hydro – development designed to control the Euphrates River flow in the interests of irrigation, electric power generation and for partial accumulation of extreme Euphrates River inflows into Haditha reservoir.
Haditha dam was constructed on the Euphrates River in the Middle West of Iraq (8km) upstream from Haditha town. In 1988 the project was completed. Central and southern parts of Iraq get the benefit of irrigation water from its reservoir. It is consist of the body of the dam, hydro-power station generates (660 Mw) from (6 generator units), Spillway with (6 opening controlled by radial gates) and two Bottom outlets.
Ministry of Water Resources denoted that year (2009) is a drought year for that reason the good management for water resources is very important. Haditha dam was taken as case study because the important of the project and its [water level elevation became (116 m.a.s.l.) for the mentioned year while its dead water level is (112 m.a.s.l.),(G.S.D.R.),(2012)] which means that the reservoir is almost empty, where the hydro-power station is stopped for (4 months) (from 9/2009 to 12/2009) and the release was just from the Bottom outlets. Therefor an Expert System is developed to operate the dam. Expert System (ES) is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) that has achieved considerable success in recent years. The area of expert systems involves investigation into methods and techniques for constructing human-machine systems with specialized problem solving expertise. Expert system has many applications in the field of water engineering such as construction, design, planning, operation and maintenance of hydraulic structures. The language used to program the Expert System in this search is (VISUAL BASIC) program within windows environment. The Expert System has developed depending on actual data for operating dam for (21 years) from 1991 to 2011),[G.S.D.R.,(2012) ]. It is found that using the developed Expert System for operating Haditha dam monthly and daily was very efficient where randomly the measured average monthly water levels for (10/1991) and (9/2011) were (136.95 and 135.72, respectively) while the calculated by the program (136.80 and 135.59, respectively) were the results calculated showed that the difference between the calculated water levels and the measured water levels was as average (15 cm) which means that the development of expert system is correct.
