Abstract
Alkyd resins constitute a very high proportion of conventional binders used in surface coating . A new alkyd resins were synthesized by reacting ( Bitter almond oil or Coconut oil with propylene glycol or Ethylene glycol and phthalic anhydride) in the presence of lead oxide as a catalyst. synthesis of alkyd resins, two stages were involved. At the first stage, Bitter almond oil or Coconut oil was converted to monoglycerides as a polyol by alcoholysis. Esterification process was held at the second stage by adding phthalic anhydride and xylene in the mixture. Three different alkyd resins have been synthesized (Short , medium and long) from Bitter almond oil or Coconut oil by using different ratios of phthalic anhydride .The various physic-chemical properties of alkyd resins like acid value , saponification value , iodine value Density, viscosity, chemical resistance and volatile matter were studied . The resulted alkyd resins are readily soluble in aprotic polar solvents , such as (Toluene , Acetone , Benzene , xylene , DMF, DMSO , Methanol and ethanol ) without need for heating. Thermal analysis of alkyd resins by Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and thermal differential calorimeter (DSC) techniques. reveals that these Aromatic alkyd resins possess thermal stability. Alkyd resins were characterized by (FTIR and 1H-NMR) spectroscopies .
